Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It may or may not be infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including both pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment
Due to the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
Infectious diseases are caused by the activity of pathogens that cause prostatitis.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be triggered both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms always present in the male body, and by sexually transmitted diseases, such as chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of reduced immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body can prevent infections, but inflammation develops due to reduced immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is due to congestion of the pelvic organs - impaired blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostatic secretions.Factors that stimulate the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- reduced immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- Irregular sex life.
It is believed that congestive prostatitis is a disease of office workers.This disease develops based on physical inactivity, as a result of which metabolism is reduced and the nutritional function of the prostate is disrupted.
Men's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity leads to decreased tone of the prostate and stagnation of secretions.This causes swelling of the organ and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 times having sex per day) causes organ exhaustion and can also cause the disease to develop.
According to the nature of the disease, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, which is caused by an enlarged prostate compressing the urethra.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with the timely use of adequate treatment medications.In the absence of proper treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by weakening of male sexual function and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations in which symptoms become acute.Exacerbation of the disease is mainly associated with reduced immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to determine the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.To do this, an analysis of prostate secretion is performed, ultrasound and MRI of the organ are performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug treatment;
- increase immunity;
- physical therapy methods;
- Diet therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug treatment depends on the form of the disease.For infectious infections, the main treatment method is antibacterial drugs.Their selection is made based on the results of the prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.The main part of therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the function of the organ.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking medications to improve immunity.These may be topical medications (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in pill form.The choice of medication is made only by a doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is to fight infection;for stagnant prostatitis, it is to improve the function of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with medications that relieve symptoms, help normalize prostate function, and improve health.For infectious prostatitis, the basis of treatment is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillin;
- tetracycline;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolone.
Penicillin and tetracycline are used quite rarely in urological practice due to low therapeutic effectiveness and many side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that stimulate the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the effects of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of the drug.
However, quite good results are achieved by taking combined drugs.
In most cases, macrolide drugs are prescribed.Their advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerability by the organism and high bioavailability, thanks to which the drug components penetrate into prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors have become increasingly fond of drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs that have a number of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs with no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective because pathogens do not develop resistance to the drugs.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Typically, doctors prescribe medications containing levofloxacin.Treatment takes at least 28 days, the drug is taken 1-2 tablets.The exact dosage and medication regimen are selected individually by the doctor.In some cases, the drug can be prescribed intramuscularly, in which case the treatment process will be reduced.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
For complex treatment of chronic non-infectious prostatitis, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
Such drugs are effective in treating symptoms, eliminating pain and stopping the inflammatory process.It is recommended to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of suppositories - thanks to this form of release, the active substance penetrates directly into the tissue of the prostate.
For infectious prostatitis, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed for short periods of time to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis, they are the mainstay of treatment because antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
To treat congestive prostatitis, biologically active drugs are often used to normalize the function of the prostate.
As a rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate of young bulls.The drug improves prostate enlargement, reduces inflammation and swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used for a long time to treat inflammation.For bacterial prostatitis, this drug is indicated to restore organ function after antibiotic treatment.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.These drugs are aimed at normalizing prostate hypertrophy, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Immune enhancing drugs
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate is exposed to many different drugs.To avoid relapse of the disease after a course of treatment, a series of measures aimed at strengthening immunity are prescribed.
For this purpose, the following are prescribed:
- preparations containing zinc;
- echinacea extract tablets;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E
For the prostate to function normally, zinc, selenium and vitamin E are needed.Urologists often prescribe supplements with high biological activity in these substances.
You should also take a course of vitamins designed specifically for men.These drugs contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbation and recovery after antibiotic treatment, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
For chronic prostatitis, it is recommended to take vitamin complexes twice a year to reduce the risk of exacerbation.
Physical therapy and massage
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate blockage.Usually acupuncture, methods of impact with electric current and magnetism, darsonvalization are used.For bacterial inflammation, such methods are not used because they can stimulate the spread of pathogens throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate function is impaired, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are performed by a qualified specialist - urologist or proctologist.Massage courses range from 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymphatic stagnation and normalizes the flow of prostatic secretions.A course of action allows you to restore the normal functioning of the organ and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is performed only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostatic abscess is possible.This requires the patient's immediate hospitalization and operation, during which the abscess is opened and its contents are removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, leading to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is placed to remove the urine.In addition, in severe cases, fibrosis can develop, as a result of which scars appear on the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed in which the compressed areas are removed with a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The diet for prostatitis is not strict, but does not include fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Drinking alcohol and smoking must be avoided.
You should add foods good for men's health to your diet:
- butter;
- pumpkin seed and olive oils;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented milk products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower body.
The patient's sex life plays an important role.If you have prostatitis, you need to have sex regularly, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable because it weakens the prostate.
Otherwise, adequate medical treatment, proper nutrition and abandonment of bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, a man should see a urologist annually and undergo a comprehensive prostate exam.